US Taxpayers Must File IRS Form 5471 To Report their
Ownership in Foreign Corporations
By Don D. Nelson,
Attorney, C.P.A.
If you as a US Citizen own 10% or more of a foreign
corporation (a corporation organized outside of the USA) you are obligated
to filed Form 5471 each year with your personal tax return (or your business
corporation or LLC tax return if that is the owner of the foreign
corporation). On this form you must report the ownership of the corporation
and other data. It also includes a balance sheet for the corporation and and
income and expense sheet for the current year for the corporation.
The return also must
include data on transactions between you and the foreign corporation,
original capital contributions, and other relevant data. That return is 4
pages and several other schedules are required which can make it a 6 or
seven page return.
If you combined with other
US taxpayers own more than 50% of actual or equitable interest in your
foreign corporation, it is then defined as a Controlled Foreign Corporation
(CFC), If it is a CFC, certain types of income (Subpart F income) may be
taxed and flow through to the US shareholders and cause them to pay tax on
that income on their US personal or business tax returns. The rules are
complex with respect to determining the types income of a CFC are subpart F
income.
Certain types of income
such as dividends, interest, rental income, insurance income, offshore
shipping income and personal service income is treated as Subpart F income.
Subpart F income whether distributed or not is taxable to the US
shareholders personal return (or corporate return if a US corporation is the
owner) in the year it occurs as ordinary income. However, the income in a
Controlled corporation from other types of operating businesses such retail
stores, factories, etc. that do not have operations in the US and do not
purchase goods from a US affiliate of the business is not taxed to the
Controlled Corporation shareholders until it is actual distributed to them.
Dividends paid to
shareholders of Foreign Corporations sometimes
are eligible for the reduced qualified dividend rate (same rate as capital
gains) when paid from the foreign corporation that is located in a country
with which the US has a tax treaty and not subpart F income from a
Controllled Foreign Corporation.
You also must file Form 926
to report capital contributions to foreign corporations with your US tax
return for the year you make those contributions.
Certain types of foreign
corporations (the type varies by Country) have been identified by the IRS as
eligible to elect, for US tax purposes only, to be treated as flow through
entities. This means that if the election is made by filing the appropriate
form with the IRS, all of the income and expenses of that foreign entity
will flow through and be taxed on the income tax returns of the US
shareholder in the same manner as US partnership and LLC income flows
through and is taxed on the tax returns of the owners. This often is an
advantage if most of the net income is distributed to the shareholders since
it allows them to claim the foreign taxes paid by the foreign corporation as
a foreign tax credit against their US income tax on that flow through income
and partially or totally offset that us income tax.
If you own part of a
foreign partnership, foreign LLC or Foreign Trust, you are also obligated to
file special forms with your US tax return or you may incur substantial
penalties of $10,000 or more for filing those forms late or not at all. The
IRS is currently on a serious crusade to force all US taxpayers to report
their foreign income or ownership of foreign business or investment
entities. It is not advisable to ignore these rules due to the possible
severe penalties you will incur if your are caught not complying with the
law or filing those forms late
Preparation of Forms 5471
and Form 926 is often complex and confusing. Most tax preparers do not know
how to prepare the forms and may need assistance.. If you need assistance
with preparing those forms, we will help prepare them even if the remaining
portions of your tax return is prepared by another tax professional or of
course, we can prepare the entire return which can be more cost effective.
Please contact us to request assistance in the preparation of this form or
or a professional review of a Form 5471or 926 you or your tax preparer filled
out.
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